Is maxillomandibular advancement an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea? Systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of maxillomandibular advancement surgery in the treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea by comparing the pre- and postoperative Apnea and Hypopnea Index, in addition to classifying the degree of evidence and risk of intervention bias. Methods A systematic review of the literature was carried out in the PUBMED, LILACS, EMBASE, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE and COCHRANE platforms, including cohort studies with polysomnographic follow-up, without other associated pharyngeal or nasal surgical procedures. The risk of study bias was assessed using the Modified Delphi technique. Pre- and postoperative Apnea and Hypopnea Index data were plotted for meta-analysis, and the quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE system. Results Of 1882 references, 32 articles were selected for full-text reading, of which four studies were included, totaling 83 adults with obstructive sleep apnea who underwent maxillomandibular advancement. The meta-analysis was in favor of the intervention (DM = −33.36, 95% CI −41.43 to −25.29, p< 0.00001), with a mean percentage reduction in the Apnea and Hypopnea Index of 79.5% after surgery, even though the level of evidence was classified as very low quality by the GRADE system. Conclusion The meta-analysis was in favor of the intervention, characterizing maxillomandibular advancement surgery as an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea in adults.

Is maxillomandibular advancement an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea? Systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of maxillomandibular advancement surgery in the treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea by comparing the pre- and postoperative Apnea and Hypopnea Index, in addition to classifying the degree of evidence and risk of intervention bias. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was carried out in the PUBMED, LILACS, EMBASE, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE and COCHRANE platforms, including cohort studies with polysomnographic follow-up, without other associated pharyngeal or nasal surgical procedures. The risk of study bias was assessed using the Modified Delphi technique. Pre- and postoperative Apnea and Hypopnea Index data were plotted for meta-analysis, and the quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE system. RESULTS: Of 1882 references, 32 articles were selected for full-text reading, of which four studies were included, totaling 83 adults with obstructive sleep apnea who underwent maxillomandibular advancement. The meta-analysis was in favor of the intervention (DM = -33.36, 95% CI -41.43 to -25.29, p < 0.00001), with a mean percentage reduction in the Apnea and Hypopnea Index of 79.5% after surgery, even though the level of evidence was classified as very low quality by the GRADE system. CONCLUSION: The meta-analysis was in favor of the intervention, characterizing maxillomandibular advancement surgery as an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea in adults.

The role of double-step advancement genioplasty and bilateral coronoidectomy in Nager Syndrome: A case report.

AIM: To report the surgical management of bilateral mandibular coronoid processes hyperplasia and mandibular retrognathism associated with trismus and convex facial profile in an individual diagnosed with Nager syndrome (NS). CASE REPORT: A 21 years old female was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, presenting limited mouth opening and an unpleasant convex facial profile. The tomography exhibited hyperplasia of mandibular coronoid processes with no evidence of intracapsular ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint. The treatment objectives were to increase mouth opening through a bilateral coronoidectomy and gain chin projection using the double-step advancement genioplasty technique. The 9-month postoperative follow-up revealed a 22.22% (6 mm) gain in jaw opening, improved masticatory function, and facial profile. CONCLUSIONS: The NS is a complex craniofacial anomaly due to its clinical heterogeneity. Thus, treatment planning must be done individually, considering the patients' main complaints and respecting the limitations regarding anatomy and availability of proper surgical materials. In the present case, a bilateral coronoidectomy associated with immediate physiotherapy improved the patient's mouth opening, and the double-step genioplasty promoted a much more significant chin advancement than would be obtained with the single-step traditional osteotomy.

Mandibular Osteolytic Lesion Associated with Exuberant Hyaline Ring Granuloma Reaction.

OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual case of oral hyaline ring granuloma (HRG) that caused an extensive osteolytic lesion. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION: A 22-year-old female was referred to our hospital with a large expansile cystic lesion in the left mandibular ramus associated with a clinically visible, partially erupted third molar. A diagnosis of paradental cyst was made. After marsupialization of the lesion, histopathological analysis of the surgical specimen showed an unusual exuberant HRG reaction supported by scarce fibrous stroma. CONCLUSION: This was a case of exuberant HRG reaction that caused extensive bone destruction.

Cleft lip and palate: recommendations for dental anesthetic procedure based on anatomic evidences.

Patients with cleft lip and palate usually present dental anomalies of number, shape, structure and position in the cleft area and the general dentist is frequently asked to restore or extract those teeth. Considering that several anatomic variations are expected in teeth adjacent to cleft areas and that knowledge of these variations by general dentists is required for optimal treatment, the objectives of this paper are: 1) to describe changes in the innervation pattern of anterior teeth and soft tissue caused by the presence of a cleft, 2) to describe a local anesthetic procedure in unilateral and bilateral clefts, and 3) to provide recommendations to improve anesthetic procedures in patients with cleft lip and palate. The cases of 2 patients are presented: one with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, and the other with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. The patients underwent local anesthesia in the cleft area in order to extract teeth with poor bone support. The modified anesthetic procedure, respecting the altered course of nerves in the cleft maxilla and soft tissue alterations at the cleft site, was accomplished successfully and the tooth extraction was performed with no pain to the patients. General dentists should be aware of the anatomic variations in nerve courses in the cleft area to offer high quality treatment to patients with cleft lip and palate.

Cleft lip and palate: recommendations for dental anesthetic procedure based on anatomic evidences

Patients with cleft lip and palate usually present dental anomalies of number, shape, structure and position in the cleft area and the general dentist is frequently asked to restore or extract those teeth. Considering that several anatomic variations are expected in teeth adjacent to cleft areas and that knowledge of these variations by general dentists is required for optimal treatment, the objectives of this paper are: 1) to describe changes in the innervation pattern of anterior teeth and soft tissue caused by the presence of a cleft, 2) to describe a local anesthetic procedure in unilateral and bilateral clefts, and 3) to provide recommendations to improve anesthetic procedures in patients with cleft lip and palate. The cases of 2 patients are presented: one with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, and the other with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. The patients underwent local anesthesia in the cleft area in order to extract teeth with poor bone support. The modified anesthetic procedure, respecting the altered course of nerves in the cleft maxilla and soft tissue alterations at the cleft site, was accomplished successfully and the tooth extraction was performed with no pain to the patients. General dentists should be aware of the anatomic variations in nerve courses in the cleft area to offer high quality treatment to patients with cleft lip and palate.

Treatment and complications of orbito-zygomatic fractures / Tratamiento y complicaciones de las fracturas órbito-cigomáticas

The aim of the present study was to analyze the etiology, type and treatment employed in the orbito-zygomatic fractures (OZ). Also, postoperative complications are described and correlated with the type of treatment used. Fifty patients with OZ fractures were evaluated. Orbital fractures in which the zygomatic bone was not involved were excluded. Epidemiologic data and characteristics of treatment such as the type of material used for osteosynthesis, number of anatomical sites on which rigid internal fixation (RIF) was applied, surgical approaches and associated complications were recorded. The main causes of trauma were motorcycle and bicycle accidents, constituting 52 percent of the sample. The osteosynthesis system used was the 2.0 mm, except in four patients in whom the 1.5mm system was used for fixation at the infra-orbital rim. A total of 18 percent of the patients required reconstruction of the internal orbit and in all cases titanium mesh was used. 46 percent of the patients received RIF in three anatomical sites, most in the fronto-zygomatic suture, infra-orbital rim and zygomatic-maxillary buttress. The most frequent complication was paresthesia of the infra-orbital nerve (34 patients, 68 percent). Other findings were also discussed with the intent of better understanding the treatment of the OZ fractures...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la etiología, tipo y tratamiento empleado en las fracturas órbito-cigomáticas (OC). Además, se describen y correlacionan las complicaciones postoperatorias con el tipo de tratamiento utilizado. Cincuenta pacientes con fracturas OC fueron evaluados. Las fracturas orbitarias en la que el hueso cigomático no participó fueron excluidas. Los datos epidemiológicos y las características de tratamiento, tales como el tipo de material utilizado para la osteosíntesis, número de sitios anatómicos en los que se aplicó la fijación interna rígida (FIR), enfoques quirúrgicos y complicaciones asociadas fueron registrados. Las principales causas de los traumas fueron accidentes de bicicleta y motocicleta, constituyendo el 52 por ciento de la muestra. El sistema de osteosíntesis utilizado fue de 2,0 mm, excepto en cuatro pacientes en los que se utilizó el sistema de 1,5 mm para la fijación en el borde infraorbitario. El 18 por ciento de los pacientes requirieron reconstrucción de la órbita interna y en todos los casos se utilizó malla de titanio. El 46 por ciento de los pacientes recibió FIR en tres sitios anatómicos, la mayoría en la sutura fronto-cigomático, borde infraorbitario y pilar cigomato-maxilar. La complicación más frecuente fue parestesia del nervio infraorbitario (34 pacientes, 68 por ciento). Otros hallazgos fueron discutidos con la intención de comprender mejor el tratamiento de las fracturas OC...